英语花言巧语

ontherun

学英语要敢于开口。最近，我开始练习口语，才两三个星期的时间，同事见我说了一句“how are you?”就吃惊道“your English is excellent!”,这真让我下不了台，我不得不认为他是在以花言巧语讨好我了。这里“以花言巧语讨好某人”可以用butter someone up来表示，所以我说了句 <BR><BR>　　I wish you'd stop trying to butter me up. <BR><BR>　　(我希望你不要再恭维我了。) <BR><BR>　　butter someone up意思是就是我们常说的“阿谀奉承，巴结讨好”的意思，butter本意是指“黄油，奶油”，在汉语中我们不是常用某人嘴上像抹了油一样来形容一个人很圆滑，很会拍马屁吗？ <BR><BR>　　Don't praise Westerners too highly when we compliment them. Otherwise, they may think you're just buttering them up! <BR><BR>　　(当我们称赞西方人时不要把他们捧过头，否则，他们会认为你只是在奉承。) <BR><BR>　　英语中的许多词是随着时代的发展在不断的发展着的。大家都知道come across的意思是偶然碰见即to run into; to find unexpectedly例如On my way home, I came across an interesting new bookstore.我在回家途中，偶尔发现了一家有趣的新书店。可是今天看到一句话，却不能这样解释。 <BR><BR>　　Your speech came across very well, everyone understands your opinion now. <BR><BR>　　(译文：你的演讲效果很好，每个人现在都能理解你的观点。) <BR><BR>　　句中come across被译为产生了好的效果。如果要使一个演讲产生好的效果，那么演讲者的观点必须被听众理解，所以这个词在这里含有“讲得很清楚，能被理解”的意思，即be understood.再一个例子： <BR><BR>　　We all enjoy receiving compliments. But sometimes compliments don't come across the way they're meant---especially between people from different cultures. <BR><BR>　　(我们都喜欢受人称赞。但有时赞美之辞不会被理解，尤其是在来自不同文化背景的人之间) <BR><BR>　　在这个句子中come across就被直接翻译为“被理解”其实这个意思也是从“相遇，偶遇”演变而来的。就拿上面这个例子来说吧，当有适当的方法使“赞美”(compliments)与“它本来要表达的意思”(the way they're meant)相遇时，“赞美”就会被正确的理解。 <BR><BR>　　I was just joking. But my joke came across as an insult and now Bob's mad at me! <BR><BR>　　(我只是开个玩笑，但我的开玩笑被理解为侮辱，现在Bob正对我怒气冲天呢！) <BR><BR>　　结束语：现在总结一下我们这一讲的内容。Butter someone up就是指我们常说的“以花言巧语讨好某人，巴结奉承”的意思。Come across除了有“偶然相遇”的意思外，还有一个特别的意思“很清楚，能被理解”，注意这里这个词已经包含有被动的意思了，所以在句子不能再次使用被动语态。 <BR><BR><BR><BR>accumulate a little a day <BR>everyday you'd better accumulate some knowledge and make full use of it.You will find the level of your English will be better than before and the success will come near around you. <BR><BR><BR><BR><BR>1.to get on : (to enter, board) <BR>【说明：】to get on(搭乘，上车) 动词get的用法很多，常常在后面接用各种不同的介系词 <BR>或副词而形成意义不同的习语。这里的on是介系词，后面的bus和subway用作它的受词。如果 <BR>on作副词用，则有进步，相处甚好，与年事已长的意思。 <BR>【例：】 <BR>(1) I always get on the bus at 34th Street. <BR>我总是在３４街搭乘公共汽车。 <BR>(2) William gets on the subway at the same station every morning. <BR>威廉每天早晨在同一车站搭乘地下火车。 <BR><BR>2.to get off : (to leave, descend from) <BR>【说明：】to get off (下车)与上面的get on相反。Get off也有好些其它的意义，如寄出 <BR>，离开等。下车也可以用alight from或get out of a carriage或motor car, 不过下电车或 <BR>公共汽车多用get off . <BR>【例：】 <BR>(1) Helen got off the bus at 42nd Street. <BR>海伦在42街下公共汽车。 <BR>(2) At what station do you usually get off the subway? <BR>你通常在那一站下地下火车？ <BR><BR>3.to put on: (to place on oneself-said particularly of clothes) <BR>【说明：】 to put on (穿，戴)特别指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽、戴眼镜也用这个成语。英文中 <BR>还有wear和dress二字也是穿的意思。可是wear是继续的动作，表示穿着的状态，而put on是 <BR>一时的动作。下面两个句子都是错的： I shall wear my overcoat before I go out (应用 <BR>put on). In such cold weather I put on my overcoat all day （应用wear）.dress的意 <BR>思是 ①put clothes on后面的受词一定是人，如dress a child, dress oneself, be dres <BR>sed in white, ②put on clothes, vk Get up and dress quickly. （快点起来穿好衣服。 <BR>） <BR>【例：】 <BR>(1) Mary put on her hat and left the room. <BR>玛丽戴上她的帽子就离开这屋子。 <BR>(2) Why is John putting on his hat and coat? <BR>约翰为什么穿衣戴帽呢？ <BR><BR>4.to take off : (to remove-said also of clothes) <BR>【说明：】to take off (脱去)与put on 的意义相反，指脱去衣物鞋帽.民可以用put off, <BR>但较不通用。 <BR>【例：】 <BR>(1) John took off his hat as he entered the room. <BR>约翰在这屋时脱下他的帽子。 <BR>(2) Is Helen taking off her coat because it is too warm in the room? <BR>海伦是不是因为室内太暖和而脱去她的外衣呢？ <BR><BR>5.to call up: (to telephone) <BR>【说明：】to call up (打电话给……)后面一定要有受词，也就是接电话的人。如果受词是 <BR>代名词的话，常插在call与up 之间。 <BR>【例：】 <BR>(1) I forgot to call up Mr. Jones yesterday although I promised to call h <BR>im up exactly at three o’clock. <BR>我昨天忘记打电话给钟斯先生，虽然我答应了在三点钟的时候打电话给他的。 <BR><BR>(2) Did anyone call me up while I was out? <BR>我出去的时候有人打电话来找我吗？ <BR><BR>6.to turn on : (to start, begin) <BR>【说明：】to turn on (扭开，打开)指扭开电灯，电炉，电扇，煤气等的按钮或开关，以及 <BR>自来水的水龙头等而言。开电灯也可以用put on the light. <BR>【例：】 <BR>(1) Please turn on the light. This room is dark. <BR>请你扭开电灯，这房间太黑暗了。 <BR>(2) Someone turned on the radiator in this room while we were out. <BR>我们外出时，有人把房内的电炉扭开了。 <BR><BR>7.to turn off : (to stop, terminate extinguish) <BR>【说明：】 to turn off （关闭，停止）指扭熄电灯，关闭无线电、自来水等。关灯也可以 <BR>用put out the light. <BR>【例：】 <BR>(1) Please turn off the light. We do not need it now. <BR>请把电灯关了，我们现在不需要它。 <BR>(2) Shall I turn off the radio or are you still listening to it? <BR>我可以把收音机关掉吗，你是不是还要收听呢？ <BR><BR>8.right away : (immediately, at once, very soon) <BR>【说明：】right away（立刻，马上）为美国口头语，是副词片语，没有immediately与at <BR>once正式。与right now (exactly now)的意思相近。 <BR>【例：】 <BR>(1) She says that dinner will be ready right away. <BR>她说晚餐马上就准备好了。 <BR>(2) Can William come to my office right away? <BR>威廉能够立刻就到我的办公室来吗？ <BR><BR>9.to pick up : (to take-especially with fingers) <BR>【说明：】to pick up （拾起，拣起）尤指用手指把东西拿起业而言。To pick up还有很多 <BR>其它的用法。如 ①让人搭便车： The motorist picked up a couple of servicemen alon <BR>g the highway （这个乘汽车的人在公路上让两个军人搭乘便车。） ②听会，自然学会，（ <BR>言语，游戏等）： He never studied French; what he knows he picked up while livin <BR>g in France. （他从来没有学过法文；他所知道的是他住在法国的时候听会的。） ③捉住 <BR>，逮捕，萍水相逢便行订交，选出： I picked up London lastnight. (昨晚我在无线电听 <BR>到了伦敦的播音。) <BR>【例：】 <BR>(1) John Picked up the newspaper which was on his desk. <BR>约翰把书桌上的报纸拿了起来。 <BR>(2) Why didn’t you pick up that pencil which lay on the floor? <BR>你为什么不把地板上的那枝铅笔拾起来呢？ <BR><BR>10.at once: (immediately, very soon, right away) <BR>【说明：】 at once （立刻，马上）为一级通用的副词片语，也可以作为同时(simultaneo <BR>usly)解，如 This book is at once interesting and instructive. （此书既有趣又有益 <BR>。） <BR>【例：】 <BR>(1) He asked me to come to his office at once. <BR>他请我立刻就到他的办公室去。 <BR>(2) I want you to send this telegram at once. <BR>我希望你马上把这电报发出去。