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发表于 11-10-2005 03:30:45|来自:新加坡
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<DIV class=quote><B>以下是引用<I>小人小雨</I>在2005-10-10 22:55:42的发言:</B>
谁都知道我只是讲在这边的事实,你待过多久,你没在这边待过一年半载怎么知道这里是如何看中国女生? 去巴刹吃饭,都听到别人讲中国女生结婚几年不到就离婚的事,都说是。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。你先去自己体验一下吧。我都听了5,6年了。嫁新加坡人没什么大不了得,反正坡人的离婚高的很。。。。。。。</DIV>
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<P align=left><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">尽管离婚率高,<FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">不过说实话,</FONT></FONT>在新加坡离婚也不是一件很轻松的事情。</FONT></FONT></P>
<P align=left><B ><U><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3></FONT></U></B> </P>
<P align=center><B ><U><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">DIVORCE IN <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">SINGAPORE</st1:place></st1:country-region>'S CONTEXT<p></p></FONT></FONT></U></B></P>
<P align=center><B ><U><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">THE 10 MOST COMMON BELIEFS/FALLACIES<p></p></FONT></FONT></U></B></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">With <st1:country-region w:st="on">Singapore</st1:country-region> becoming more and more cosmopolitan each day and with more Singaporeans going overseas for studies or work, potential clients seeking to initiate divorce proceedings in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Singapore</st1:place></st1:country-region> are influenced by the requirements to commence divorce proceedings in the various jurisdictions around the world.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">In <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Singapore</st1:place></st1:country-region>, the requirements are set out in the Women's Charter, Chapter 353 (hereinafter referred to as "the Act") and this article aims to dispel the 10 most common beliefs/fallacies with reference to the relevant provisions of the Act.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">As the purpose of this article is to highlight the common beliefs/fallacies in relation to divorce proceedings to laypersons, there would not be any reference to case laws or judgments of any courts but broad statements of law with reference to the Act.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B ><U>Belief No. 1 - So long as parties agree, they can obtain a divorce</U></B><p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">This is the most common fallacy and presumably it is due to the fact that adults are not required to seek the consent of any third parties before they are married. Hence, it is assumed that so long as both adults consent to be divorced, why should their decision be dependant on third parties' opinions or consent?<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">In Singapore, in order for parties to obtain a divorce, they must present a Petition for Divorce as set out in sections 92 and 93 of the Act which provide that the Judge of the High Court of the Republic of Singapore has the jurisdiction to hear such divorce petitions. It is not the common intention or decision of two adults which determine whether they are divorced or not. Whether parties are able to obtain a divorce depends on the decision of the High Court Judge after hearing the divorce petition.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P><BR clear=all>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Section 93(1) of the Act provides that only if either of the parties to the marriage is:- <p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">(a) domiciled in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Singapore</st1:place></st1:country-region> at the commencement of the proceedings; or <p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">(b) habitually resident in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Singapore</st1:place></st1:country-region> for a period of 3 years immediately preceding the commencement of the proceedings,<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">only then the parties to a marriage are entitled to present such a petition in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Singapore</st1:place></st1:country-region>.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">As such, all citizens of <st1:country-region w:st="on">Singapore</st1:country-region> and foreigners holding employment/work permit passes, student pass and who are habitually resident in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Singapore</st1:country-region> would be able to present their petition for divorce in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Singapore</st1:place></st1:country-region> pursuant to the Act.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">However, foreigners residing in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Singapore</st1:country-region> have the option of commencing their divorce petitions overseas in order to avoid the strict requirements of the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Singapore</st1:place></st1:country-region> law. Whilst this may be "easier" it could also give rise to loose ends, eg. the division/disposition of the matrimonial property especially if it is a Housing and Development Board flat or where the matrimonial property includes sums in the Central Provident Fund. Similarly, the issue of custody and maintenance of children as well as maintenance of the spouse may not be resolved. <p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">NOTE : certain jurisdictions permit divorce via postcards or submission of a notice to the registry concerned. As such, parties may not have considered the issues abovementioned.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B ><U>Belief No. 2 - Parties can obtain a divorce any time after marriage</U></B><p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Generally, parties are not permitted to commence divorce proceedings in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Singapore</st1:place></st1:country-region> until after three years of their registration of marriage as section 94(1) of the Act states that “No petition for divorce shall be presented to the court unless at the date of the presentation of the petition 3 years have passed since the date of the marriage.”<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">This is because the institution of marriage is a sacred one and parties should treat it with respect once they have committed themselves to each other in marriage.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">However, pursuant to section 94(2) of the Act, in very exceptional circumstances, that is, exceptional hardship is suffered by the petitioner or exceptional depravity is suffered on the part of the respondent can be proven, the petitioner may be able to present the divorce petition within three years of marriage AFTER having obtained leave from the High Court for the same in which event, the Court shall also take into account the interests of any child of the marriage before leave is granted.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B ><U>Belief No. 3 - In cases of adultery, the victim is entitled to seek compensation from the third party</U></B><p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">There is no such provision in the Women’s Charter.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B ><U>Belief No. 4 - The party at fault must give up all his/her rights to the matrimonial assets</U></B><p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Again this is a fallacy presumably due to the misconception that the aggrieved party is entitled to compensation.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Under section 112 of the Act, the division of the matrimonial assets is dependant on certain factors, for example :<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">1. the extent of the contributions made by each party in terms of money, property or work towards acquiring, improving or maintaining the matrimonial assets;<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">2. any debt owing or obligation incurred or undertaken by either party for their joint benefit or for the benefit of any child of the marriage;<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">3. the needs of the children (if any) of the marriage;<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">4. the extent of the contributions made by each party to the welfare of the family, including looking after the home or caring for the family or any aged or infirm relative or dependant of either party;<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">5. any agreement between the parties with respect to the ownership and division of the matrimonial assets made in contemplation of divorce;<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">6. any period of rent-free occupation or other benefit enjoyed by one party in the matrimonial home to the exclusion of the other party;<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">7. the giving of assistance or support by one party to the other party (whether or not of a material kind), including the giving of assistance or support which aids the other party in the carrying on of his or her occupation or business;<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">In addition, the Court may also consider the following additional factors, as set out in section 114(1) of the Act, in so far as they are relevant:-<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">1. the income, earning capacity, property and other financial resources which each of the parties to the marriage has or is likely to have in the foreseeable future;<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">2. the financial needs, obligations and responsibilities which each of the parties to the marriage has or is likely to have in the foreseeable future;<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">3. the standard of living enjoyed by the family before the breakdown of the marriage;<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">4. the age of each party to the marriage and the duration of the marriage;<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">5. any physical or mental disability of either of the parties to the marriage;<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">6. the contributions made by each of the parties to the welfare of the family, including any contribution made by looking after the home or caring for the family; and<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">7. in the case of proceedings for divorce or nullity of marriage, the value to either of the parties to the marriage of any benefit (for example, a pension) which, by reason of the dissolution or annulment of the marriage that party will lose the chance of acquiring.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">If at all the party at fault is "punished" he/she is made to bear the cost of the divorce proceedings up to the pronouncement of the Decree Nisi stage. The cost may be agreed between parties or fixed by the Judge presiding over the case. The sum fixed may be different from that charged by the lawyers.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B ><U>Belief No. 5 - A Wife is entitled to 50% of the Husband's assets upon divorce</U></B><U><p></p></U></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">This is not true as the division of the matrimonial property, as stated above, is dependant on the specified factors set out in section 112 of the Act.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><B ><U><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Belief No. 6 – If there are two children, each party will have custody of one child<p></p></FONT></FONT></U></B></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">This is not true as the issue of care, custody and control of any child or children of the marriage is determined by sections 123 and 125 of the Act.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Where a child is concerned, that child’s interest is paramount in the eyes of the Court. Generally, the Court is reluctant to separate siblings and prefer to grant custody care and control of all children to the marriage to one party to ensure that the siblings remain close to each other.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">As a matter of interest, the fact that a parent is having a substantial salary is no guarantee that he/she will have custody of the child. Other factors like who will be taking care of the child etc. will play a part.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B ><U>Belief No. 7 – If one parent has custody of the child/children, he/she can restrict the access by the other parent</U></B><p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">This is not true for it is of paramount interest for the child/children to maintain his/her relationship with BOTH parents as far as possible. That the parents are divorced does not mean that the child/children must suffer.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Attempts have been made to restrict or refuse access to a parent who is/was a drug addict, prostitute etc. That the parent’s past or occupation is morally reprehensible does not mean that they are not capable of being a good parent and as such would not mean that they cannot have access, and sometimes custody, of the child or children.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">So long as the parent is the natural parent of the child, access must be given unless there are compelling reasons to order otherwise, for instance, it can be shown that the parent is a bad influence on the child, for example, encouraging the child to steal or to take drugs.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><B ><U><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Belief No 8 – Parent with custody of the child can decide everything<p></p></FONT></FONT></U></B></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Just because custody, care and control of a child is given to one parent, that parent have no right to decide everything for that child as the other party is similarly a parent. Most importantly, the child’s surname cannot be changed solely by the parent having custody, care and control.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><B ><U><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Belief No. 9 – The father must maintain the child<p></p></FONT></FONT></U></B></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">It is true that as a parent of the child, the father must find means to support the child financially. This is so, even if the father is currently unemployed. However, the duty to support the child is not restricted to the Father only. The mother, who in most cases would have custody, must also support the child. That she was and had been a housewife does not mean that she is incapable of working and earning money to support herself and the child.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Whilst the Court will try to achieve equality in the financial support to be provided by both parents, the Court will give regard to the financial means and needs of the parties.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><B ><U><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Belief No. 10 – A Wife is entitled to maintenance from the Husband in any event<p></p></FONT></FONT></U></B></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">This used to be true but not anymore as these days, more and more women also work and their salary are sometimes more than their husband's. The issue of maintenance is governed by section 114 of the Act which states that :<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">114(1) In determining the amount of any maintenance to be paid by a man to his wife or former wife, the court shall have regard to all the circumstances of the case including the following matters:-<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">(a) the income, earning capacity, property and other financial resources which each of the parties to the marriage has or is likely to have in the foreseeable future; <p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">(b) the financial needs, obligations and responsibilities which each of the parties to the marriage has or is likely to have in the foreseeable future; <p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">(c) the standard of living enjoyed by the family before the breakdown of the marriage; <p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">(d) the age of each party to the marriage and the duration of the marriage; <p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">(e) any physical or mental disability of either of the parties to the marriage; <p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">(f) the contributions made by each of the parties to the welfare of the family, including any contribution made by looking after the home or caring for the family; and <p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">(g) in the case of proceedings for divorce or nullity of marriage, the value to either of the parties to the marriage of any benefit (for example, a pension) which, by reason of the dissolution or annulment of the marriage that party will lose the chance of acquiring.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">114(2) In exercising its powers under this section, the court shall endeavour so to place the parties, so far as it is practicable and, having regard to their conduct, just to do so, in the financial position in which they would have been if the marriage had not broken down and each had properly discharged his or her financial obligations and responsibilities towards the other. <p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">As such, if the wife is working or capable of working but the husband is unemployed or incapable of working due to disability, it is very unlikely that the wife will succeed in getting any maintenance.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></p></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Under the new provisions of the Act, husbands are entitled to ask for maintenance but such applications are still rare in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Singapore</st1:place></st1:country-region>.<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Ho Meng Third<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">M/s CW Lee.Peng.Chia.Philip<p></p></FONT></FONT></P>
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<P ><B ><FONT face="Times New Roman">DISCLAIMER:-<p></p></FONT></B></P>
<P ><B ><FONT face="Times New Roman">THIS ARTICLE IS NOT MEANT TO DISPENSE LEGAL ADVICE. YOU ARE ADVISED TO SEEK INDEPENDENT LEGAL ADVICE ON ANY PROBLEMS OR QUESTIONS WHICH YOU MAY HAVE. THE AUTHOR IS NOT TO BE HELD RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY OF YOUR ACTS OR OMISSIONS IN RELIANCE ON ANY PART OF THIS ARTICLE.<p></p></FONT></B></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
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<P ><p><a href="http://www.lawsociety.org.sg/upload/CLE/{9BEA36CD-C647-461E-80C4-9717548A4E7C}_Divorce%20in%20Singapore.doc" target="_blank" >http://www.lawsociety.org.sg/upload/CLE/{9BEA36CD-C647-461E-80C4-9717548A4E7C}_Divorce%20in%20Singapore.doc</A></p></P>
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