外汇基础知识，新手必读！！

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　外汇交易
　　外汇交易是指买入一种货币并且同时卖出另一种货币的交易. 外汇市场是全世界最大的金融市场, 其日交易额超过3.5兆美元. 交易货币例如欧元/美元和美元/日元. 大多数货币交易均涉及到"主要货币"(包括美元, 欧元, 日元, 英镑, 瑞士法郎, 加元和澳元).
　　不同于其它金融市场, 外汇市场没有中央交易所. 借助于银行, 公司和个人交易者的电子网络, 外汇市场每天24小时均运行. 每天外汇交易从悉尼开始, 然后依次移到东京, 伦敦和纽约. 主要券商包括商业银行, 投资银行, 外汇期货交易者及注册外汇券商. forex basics
　　Foreign Exchange
　　Foreign exchange trading is the simultaneous buying of one currency and selling of another. The foreign exchange market (Forex or FX) is the largest financial market in the world with a daily turnover of over 3.5 trillion. Examples of currency trading pairs are Euro/US Dollar (EUR/USD) and US Dollar/Japanese Yen (USD/JPY). Most currency transactions involve the "Majors" - US Dollar, Euro, Japanese Yen, British Pound, Swiss Franc, Canadian Dollar and Australian Dollar.
　　Unlike other financial markets, the foreign exchange market has no physical location and no central exchange. The Forex market operates 24 hours a day through an electronic network of banks, corporations and individual traders. Forex trading begins every day in Sydney, then moves to Tokyo, followed by London and then New York. The major market makers, or dealers, consist of the commercial and investment banks, the exchange traded futuresand , and registered futures commission merchants  dealing desk is open 24-hours a day from monday 5am to saturday 5am(singapore time)
The most popular currencies along with their symbols are shown below:


多数常用货币和他们的货币符号显示如下


Symbol （符号）  Country （ 国家 ）       Currency（货币名称）   Nickname（昵称）
USD                    United States               Dollar                    Buck
EUR                    Euro members              Euro                      Fiber
JPY                     Japan                            Yen                       Yen
GBP                    Great Britain                 Pound                   Cable
CHF                   Switzerland                   Franc                     Swissy
CAD                   Canada                         Dollar                     Loonie
AUD                   Australia                        Dollar                     Aussie
NZD                   New Zealand                 Dollar                     Kiwi

Forex currency symbols are always three letters, where the first two letters identify the name of the country and the third letter identifies the name of that country’s currency.

所有货币符号是以三个字母出现，前两个字母代表国家第三个则代表他们的货币单位。

There are many benefits and advantages to trading Forex. Here are just a few reasons why so many people are choosing this market:
外汇交易有很多的优越性，这里是一些人们为是选择外汇交易的原因。

No commissions.
免佣金
No clearing fees, no exchange fees, no government fees, no brokerage fees. Brokers are compensated for their services through something called the bid-ask spread.
没有转换费，政府费用，经纪商费。经济上只从点差上收取服务费。

No middlemen. Spot currency trading eliminates the middlemen, and allows you to trade directly with the market responsible for the pricing on a particular currency pair.
没有中间人，可以让你自己直接在市场上交易。

No fixed lot size.
In the futures markets, lot or contract sizes are determined by the exchanges. A standard-size contract for silver futures is 5000 ounces. In spot Forex, you determine your own lot size. This allows traders to participate with accounts as small as $250 (although we explain later why a $250 account is a bad idea).
没有固定仓位大小。

Low transaction costs.
The retail transaction cost (the bid/ask spread) is typically less than 0.1 percent under normal market conditions. At larger dealers, the spread could be as low as .07 percent. Of course this depends on your leverage.
低成交费
通常普通的成交费用（卖价和买价之间的点差）低于市场正常情况的0。1%。那些大的交易商，点差价可以低于0.7%. 当然这取决于你的杠杆率。

A 24-hour market.
There is no waiting for the opening bell - from Sunday evening to Friday afternoon EST, the Forex market never sleeps. This is awesome for those who want to trade on a part-time basis, because you can choose when you want to trade--morning, noon or night.
24小时循环市场
不用等开盘铃声-从星期天傍晚到星期五下午（新加坡时间是星期一在上5点到星期六早上5点），外汇市场从不休息，这对于那些想兼职炒汇的人是个好消息，因为你可以选择在早上、中午还是晚上交易。

No one can corner the market.
The foreign exchange market is so huge and has so many participants that no single entity (not even a central bank) can control the market price for an extended period of time.
没有人可以控制市场
外汇市场是如此庞大，没有个人（哪怕是各国央行)可以长期的控制市场价。

Leverage.
In Forex trading, a small margin deposit can control a much larger total contract value. Leverage gives the trader the ability to make nice profits, and at the same time keep risk capital to a minimum. For example, Forex brokers offer 200 to 1 leverage, which means that a $50 dollar margin deposit would enable a trader to buy or sell $10,000 worth of currencies. Similarly, with $500 dollars, one could trade with $100,000 dollars and so on. But leverage is a double-edged sword. Without proper risk management, this high degree of leverage can lead to large losses as well as gains.
杠杆率
在外汇交易中，保证金制度可以让你控制更大的资金。这样可以让交易员再在最小的风险下取得更高的利润。举例来说，外汇交易商提供200:1的杠杆率，也就代表了$50美元可以操作10,000美元。依此类推，$500美元就可以控制$100,000美元。但是杠杆率有它的双重性，如果你没有很好的风险控制，那么杠杆也可以让你损失更多。

High Liquidity.
Because the Forex Market is so enormous, it is also extremely liquid. This means that under normal market conditions, with a click of a mouse you can instantaneously buy and sell at will. You are never "stuck" in a trade. You can even set your online trading platform to automatically close your position at your desired profit level (a limit order), and/or close a trade if a trade is going against you (a stop loss order).
高流通率
由于外汇市场是如此庞大，所以市场是非常的流通，也就表示了在通常情况下，你只要点击你的鼠标就可以买卖，永远不会阻碍在你的交易里。你甚至可以在你的交易平台上设置好你要的盈利和那里止损。

Free “Demo” Accounts, News, Charts, and Analysis. Most online Forex brokers offer 'demo' accounts to practice trading, along with breaking Forex news and charting services. All free! These are very valuable resources for “poor” and SMART traders who would like to hone their trading skills with 'play' money before opening a live trading account and risking real money.
免费模拟账号，新闻，图表，和数据。大多数外汇交易商会提供模拟账号可以让你练习。所有的服务都是免费的，很多“穷人”或聪明人都是先万模拟账号后才玩真钱。

“Mini” and “Micro” Trading:
You would think that getting started as a currency trader would cost a ton of money. The fact is, compared to trading stocks, options or futures, it doesn't. Online Forex brokers offer "mini" and “micro” trading accounts, some with a minimum account deposit of $300 or less. Now we're not saying you should open an account with the bare minimum but it does makes Forex much more accessible to the average (poorer) individual who doesn't have a lot of start-up trading capital.
迷你和微米
你可能会想外汇交易需要很多的钱。但事实上，外汇交易比起股票，期货等交易形式来说并不是。外汇交易商提供迷你微米账号，有一些到保证金只需要$300或更少。我们没有说你必须以最低限度来开账号，但是外汇让越来越让那些资金不是很多的人接受。

Long/Short
long = buy
Short = sell
买空/卖空
买空=买
卖空=卖

Bid/Ask
All Forex quotes include a two-way price, the bid and ask. The bid is always lower than the ask price.
The bid is the price in which the dealer is willing to buy the base currency in exchange for the quote currency. This means the bid is the price at which you (as the trader) will sell
The ask is the price at which the dealer will sell the base currency in exchange for the quote currency. This means the ask is the price at which you will buy
卖价/买价
卖价是要交易商要买入基础货币价钱，也就是说卖价是你要卖出的价钱。
卖价市交易商要卖出基础货币的价钱，也就是说买家是你要买入的价钱。

Spread
The difference between the bid and the ask price is popularly known as the spread.
差价
卖价和买价之间的差价称之为差价。

PIP（Percentage In Price）
The smallest unit of price for any currency.
点差(价格百分比）
每种货币的小小差价

margin
The required equity that an investor must deposit to collateralize a position.
保证金
交易商要求投资人在交易时必须放入的押金

margin call
A request from a broker or dealer for additional funds or
collateral to guarantee performance on a position that has moved against
the customer.
保证金电话
交易商向投资者所发出增加金额或担保物的来确保市场移动方向和投资人部位相反时有足够资金的通知。
day trading A style of trading where positions are opened and closed
during the same day

central bank
The government or governmental authority that manages a country’s monetary policy. For example, the U.S. central bank is the Federal Reserve, and Japan’s central bank is the Bank of Japan
央行
政府或政府授权来管理国家货币政策的机构。 比如， 美国 Federal Reseve、日本 Bank of Japan、新加坡 MAS

fundamental analysis
Analysis of economic and political information with the objective of determining future movements in the forex market.
基本数据
经济和政策上明显决定未来外汇市场走向的数据

technical analysis
An effort to forecast future market prices by analyzing charts and data.
技术数据
用图表和数据来预测将来市场的结果

risk management
Trading techniques designed to reduce and/or control exposure to financial risk
风险控制
用来控制和减少交易时风险的技巧。

stop loss order
Order type whereby an open position is automatically liquidated at a specific price. Often used to minimize exposure to losses.
止损
一种自动在指定价位出场的设置，通常用来减少交易的损失。

Type of Forex Chart 1 line chart   A simple line chart draws a line from one closing price to the next closing price. When strung together with a line, we can see the general price movement of a currency pair over a period of time 23-11-2009 11:24:00 上传 2 Bar chart   A bar chart also shows closing prices, while simultaneously showing opening prices, as well as the highs and lows. The bottom of the vertical bar indicates the lowest traded price for that time period, while the top of the bar indicates the highest price paid. So, the vertical bar indicates the currency pair’s trading range as a whole. The horizontal hash on the left side of the bar is the opening price, and the right-side horizontal hash is the closing price 23-11-2009 11:23:17 上传 3 Candlestick chart Candlestick chart A form of Japanese charting that has become popular in the West, which displays the open, high, low, and closing prices. A narrow line (the “wick”) represents the day’s price range, and a wider body marks the area between the open and the closing prices 23-11-2009 11:24:25 上传

Economic Indicators
There are many indicators that can influence in fundamental analysis.
 The Gross National Product
 The Gross Domestic T Product (GDP)
 Producer Price Index (PPI)
 Consumer Price Index (CPI)
 GNP Deflator
 GDP Deflator
 Employment Cost Index (ECI)
 Commodity Research Bureau's Index (CRB Index)

Supports and Resistances
support : Price level at which technical analysts note persistent buying of a currency pair.
resistance :Price level at which technical analysts note persistent selling of a currency pair

24-11-2009 16:14:44 上传
下载附件 (7.87 KB)




Trend
Up Trend          There will be a series of higher highs and higher lows proceeding
Down Trend      when there is a series of lower lows and lower highs


Sideway            This is when there is no series of higher highs and higher lows also no series of lower lows and lower highs

24-11-2009 16:15:50 上传
下载附件 (20.3 KB)

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Long/Short
long = buy
Short = sell
买空/卖空
买空=买
卖空=卖

Bid/Ask
All Forex quotes include a two-way price, the bid and ask. The bid is always lower than the ask price.
The bid is the price in which the dealer is willing to buy the base currency in exchange for the quote currency. This means the bid is the price at which you (as the trader) will sell
The ask is the price at which the dealer will sell the base currency in exchange for the quote currency. This means the ask is the price at which you will buy
卖价/买价
卖价是要交易商要买入基础货币价钱，也就是说卖价是你要卖出的价钱。
卖价市交易商要卖出基础货币的价钱，也就是说买家是你要买入的价钱。

Spread
The difference between the bid and the ask price is popularly known as the spread.
差价
卖价和买价之间的差价称之为差价。

PIP（Percentage In Price）
The smallest unit of price for any currency.
点差(价格百分比）
每种货币的小小差价

margin
The required equity that an investor must deposit to collateralize a position.
保证金
交易商要求投资人在交易时必须放入的押金

margin call
A request from a broker or dealer for additional funds or
collateral to guarantee performance on a position that has moved against
the customer.
保证金电话
交易商向投资者所发出增加金额或担保物的来确保市场移动方向和投资人部位相反时有足够资金的通知。
day trading A style of trading where positions are opened and closed
during the same day

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central bank
The government or governmental authority that manages a country’s monetary policy. For example, the U.S. central bank is the Federal Reserve, and Japan’s central bank is the Bank of Japan
央行
政府或政府授权来管理国家货币政策的机构。 比如， 美国 Federal Reseve、日本 Bank of Japan、新加坡 MAS

fundamental analysis
Analysis of economic and political information with the objective of determining future movements in the forex market.
基本数据
经济和政策上明显决定未来外汇市场走向的数据

technical analysis
An effort to forecast future market prices by analyzing charts and data.
技术数据
用图表和数据来预测将来市场的结果

risk management
Trading techniques designed to reduce and/or control exposure to financial risk
风险控制
用来控制和减少交易时风险的技巧。

stop loss order
Order type whereby an open position is automatically liquidated at a specific price. Often used to minimize exposure to losses.
止损
一种自动在指定价位出场的设置，通常用来减少交易的损失。

catcat

Type of Forex Chart
1 line chart  
A simple line chart draws a line from one closing price to the next closing price. When strung together with a line, we can see the general price movement of a currency pair over a period of time



2 Bar chart  
A bar chart also shows closing prices, while simultaneously showing opening prices, as well as the highs and lows. The bottom of the vertical bar indicates the lowest traded price for that time period, while the top of the bar indicates the highest price paid. So, the vertical bar indicates the currency pair’s trading range as a whole. The horizontal hash on the left side of the bar is the opening price, and the right-side horizontal hash is the closing price



3 Candlestick chart
Candlestick chart A form of Japanese charting that has become popular in the West, which displays the open, high, low, and closing prices. A narrow line (the “wick”) represents the day’s price range, and a wider body marks the area between the open and the closing prices

catcat

Economic Indicators
There are many indicators that can influence in fundamental analysis.
 The Gross National Product
 The Gross Domestic T Product (GDP)
 Producer Price Index (PPI)
 Consumer Price Index (CPI)
 GNP Deflator
 GDP Deflator
 Employment Cost Index (ECI)
 Commodity Research Bureau's Index (CRB Index)

Supports and Resistances
support : Price level at which technical analysts note persistent buying of a currency pair.
resistance :Price level at which technical analysts note persistent selling of a currency pair



Trend
Up Trend          There will be a series of higher highs and higher lows proceeding
Down Trend      when there is a series of lower lows and lower highs


Sideway            This is when there is no series of higher highs and higher lows also no series of lower lows and lower highs

catcat

Type of Order
交易种类

Market Orders(instant order): A Market Order is an order that is given to a broker to buy or sell the currency at whatever the market is trading for at that moment. It can be an entry order into the market or an exit order to get out of the market
及时交易：是一种指定交易商以当场价买或卖的交易，它可以是进场或是出场。

Limit Orders: Limit Orders are orders given to a broker to buy or sell currency lots at a certain price or better. The term Limit means exactly what it says. You will buy at that exact limit price or better a large majority of the time
限时交易：是一种以指定交易上一特定的价钱或等待更好的价钱再交易的交易形式。

Stop Orders: Stop Orders are orders placed to enter or exit the market at a desired specific price. The majority of Stop Orders are used as protective Stop Loss Orders. It is the order you place with your entry order to insure an exit when the market goes against you
停止交易：是一种设置你所希望的得进厂或出场价钱。 其主要功能是用来止损，用来停止当市场跟你相反时的损失。

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Moving Average （移动均线）
There are many types of moving averages. The 2 most common types are: Simple Moving Average and Exponential Moving Average
这里有很多种移动均线。其中最常用的2种是简单移动均线和指数移动均线

Simple Moving Average (SMA): A simple moving average is the simplest type of moving average. Basically, a simple moving average is calculated by adding up the last “X” period’s closing prices and then dividing that number by X. Example,  If you plotted a 5 period simple moving average on a 1 hour chart, you would add up the closing prices for the last 5 hours, and then divide that number by 5.  
简单移动均线：是移动均线中最简单的一种。基本上简单移动均线就是最近几个的时间区域的收盘价相加然后除以该数值。 举例说明，如果你用在1小时的图表上用5个时期的简单移动均线，就是把前5个小时的收盘价相加然后除以5。
Exponential Moving Average (EMA)
A type of moving average that is similar to a simple moving average, except that more weight is given to the latest data.
指数移动均线：是一种相似于简单移动均线的移动均线， 但它更侧重于给最新的数据。

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Bollinger Bands
Bollinger bands are used to measure a market’s volatility. These bands consist of a moving average in the middle, with an upper and lower band of two standard deviations above or below the simple moving average


Moving Average Convergence Divergence(MACD)
The MACD based on the moving average which is a lagging indicator (walking behind the price) but the MACD is more sensitive for the price movements.
The MACD indicator consists of two lines; the first line in the traditional MACD is the MACD line, and it uses the 12 period exponential moving average of the price (fast EMA) minus 26 period exponential moving average of the price (slow EMA).

雨茜

猫猫辛苦了！～

catcat

谢谢夸奖，还在整理，我会尽快把剩余的传上来。