|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢! <BR><BR> 一、厕所 <BR> 在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。 <BR><BR> 二、解小便 <BR> 最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说: <BR> Will (could) you urinate in this cup? <BR><BR> 医生或许也会问: <BR> Do you have trouble urinating? <BR> =Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?) <BR><BR> 此外,还有其他的说法: <BR> to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如: <BR> * I need to piss = I have to take a leak. <BR> * How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?) <BR><BR> 此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如: <BR> * There are several (portable) johns in the construction site. <BR> 在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。 <BR><BR> * He went to the john a few minutes ago. <BR> 他在几分钟前上了厕所。 <BR><BR> * The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours. <BR> 劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。 <BR><BR> 不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如: <BR> * The boy needs to pee. <BR><BR> 然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如: <BR> * Do I need a urine test? <BR><BR> 注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如: <BR> * He pissed me off. = He made me angry. <BR> * He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满) <BR><BR> 如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说: <BR> * My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重) <BR> * I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble) <BR> * I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病) <BR> * I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少) <BR><BR> 三、解大便 <BR> 一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法: <BR> to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces) <BR> =to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如: <BR> * The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement) <BR><BR> 不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如: <BR> * The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。) <BR><BR> 但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如: <BR> * The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。) <BR><BR> 四、放屁 <BR> 在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问: <BR> How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas? <BR> 你放屁的次数很多吗? <BR> * Is the gas expelled by belching? <BR> 是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch) <BR> * He said the more he ate, the more he farted. <BR> 吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。 <BR> * He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days. <BR> 过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。 <BR> * Be careful not to fart in the public. <BR> 注意在公共场所不可放屁。 <BR><BR> 至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如: <BR> * I have an upset stomach.(消化不良) <BR> = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion. <BR> 注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache) <BR><BR> * Something has upset my stomach for two weeks. <BR> 胃不舒服有两星期了。) <BR> * He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity) <BR> 他经常便秘。) 或 <BR> * He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或 <BR> * He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或 <BR> * He has no bowel movement for the past few days. <BR><BR> * He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea. <BR> 他拉了一阵肚子。 <BR> * He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement) <BR> 大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|