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<font size="2"><span class="bold"><span class="smalltxt"><strong>中国独特词英文表达<br/><br/></strong></span></span></font><font size="4">一、中国意念词（Chinesenesses）<br/><br/>八卦 trigram <br/>阴、阳 yin, yang <br/>道 Dao（cf. logo） <br/>江湖（世界） the jianghu World （the traits' world） <br/>e.g. You can't control everything in a traits' world. (人在江湖，身不由己) <br/>道 Daoism（Taoism） <br/>上火 excessive internal heat <br/>儒学 Confucianism <br/>红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology <br/>世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia <br/>开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world） <br/>大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done <br/>伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded <br/>不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on … <br/>合乎国情，顺乎民意 <br/>to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people <br/>乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge <br/>铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post's; guaranteed leading post <br/>脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty <br/>治则兴，乱则衰 order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline <br/><br/>二、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial） <br/><br/>国庆节 National Day <br/>中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival <br/>春节 Spring Festival <br/>元宵节 Lantern Festival <br/>儿童节 Children's Day <br/>端午节 Dragon Boat Festival <br/>妇女节 Women's Day <br/>泼水节 Water-Splashing Day <br/>教师节 Teachers' Day <br/>五四青年节 Youth Day <br/><br/>三、中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Traditional Chinese Foods） <br/><br/>馄饨 wonton <br/>锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi) <br/>花卷 steamed twisted rolls <br/>套餐 set meal <br/>盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away <br/>米豆腐 rice tofu <br/>魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu <br/>米粉 rice noodles <br/>冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) <br/>火锅 chafing dish <br/>八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding <br/>粉丝 glass noodles <br/>豆腐脑 jellied bean curd <br/><br/>四、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things） <br/><br/>中国电信 China Telecom <br/>中国移动 China Mobile <br/>十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan <br/>中国电脑联网 Chinanet <br/>三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project <br/>希望工程 Project Hope <br/>京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway <br/>扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project <br/>菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project <br/>温饱工程 Decent-Life Project <br/>安居工程 Economy Housing Project <br/>扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign <br/>西部大开发 Go-West Campaign <br/><br/>五 、特有的一些汉语词汇 <br/><br/>禅宗 Zen Buddhism <br/>禅 dhyana; dhgaya <br/>混沌 chaos <br/>道 Daosim, the way and its power <br/>四谛 Four Noble Truth <br/>八正道 Eightfold Path <br/>无常 anity <br/>五行说 Theory of Five Elements <br/>无我 anatman <br/>坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation <br/>空 sunyata <br/>虚无 nothingness <br/>双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英) <br/>小品 witty skits <br/>相声 cross-talk <br/>噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt <br/>夜猫子 night people; night-owls <br/>本命年 this animal year of sb. <br/>处世之道 philosophy of life <br/>姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage） <br/>还愿 redeem a wish (vows) <br/><br/>六、具有文化特色的现代表述 <br/><br/>大陆中国 Mainland China <br/>红宝书 little red book <br/>红色中国 socialist China <br/>四化 Four Modernizations <br/>终生职业 job-for-life <br/>铁饭碗 iron rice bowl <br/>大锅饭 communal pot <br/>关系户 closely-related units <br/>外出打工人员 migrant workers <br/>关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild <br/>五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：<br/>the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals <br/>四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： <br/>the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment <br/><br/>七、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items） <br/><br/>宣纸 rice paper <br/>衙门 yamen <br/>叩头 kowtow <br/>孔子Confucius <br/>牌楼 pailou；pai-loo <br/>武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts） <br/>功夫 kungfu ；kung fu <br/>中庸 the way of medium （cf. Golden Means） <br/>中和 harmony (zhonghe) <br/>孝顺 to show filial obedience <br/>孝子 dutiful son <br/>家长 family head <br/>three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife<br/>三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 <br/>five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity<br/>五常：仁、义、理、智、信 <br/>八股文 eight-legged essays <br/>多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness <br/>养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one's old age <br/><br/>八、 近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译 <br/><br/>基层监督 grass-roots supervision <br/>基础税率 base tariff level <br/>婚介所 matrimonial agency <br/>婚外恋 extramarital love <br/>婚纱摄影 bride photo <br/>黑心棉 shoddy cotton <br/>机器阅卷 machine scoring <br/>即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery <br/>集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development <br/>价格听证会 public price hearings <br/>甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team <br/>家政服务 household management service <br/>加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion <br/>假帐 accounting fraud <br/>叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel <br/>矫情 use lame arguments <br/>渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence <br/>借调 temporarily transfer <br/>扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group. <br/>扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption</font> |
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